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Ophthalmology

Welcome to the ophthalmology category which includes links for physicians and pharmacists on clinical guidelines, ophthalmology images, medical journal articles, prescribing for eye diseases and more.

The Royal College of Ophthalmologists Clinical Guidelines

Source: rcophth.ac.uk
Clinical Resource: Guidelines
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Last Checked: 21/08/15 Link Error: Report It

 

American Academy of Ophthalmology Guidelines

Source: aao.org
Clinical Resource: Guidelines
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Canadian Ophthalmological Society Clinical Practice Guidelines

Source: cos-sco.ca
Clinical Resource: Guidelines
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

International Council of Ophthalmology International Clinical Guidelines

Source: icoph.org
Clinical Resource: Guidelines
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

The College of Optometrists Clinical Management Guidelines

Source: college-optometrists.org
Clinical Resource: Guidelines
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

American Optometric Association Optometric Clinical Practice Guidelines

Source: aoa.org
Clinical Resource: Guidelines
Register to Access Content: No

Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Canadian Ophthalmological Society Position & Policy Statements

Source: cos-sco.ca
Clinical Resource: Position and Policy Statements
Register to Access Content: No

Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Eye - CLEAR: clinical enquiry and response service

The CLEAR service is delivered by a team of information professionals based at Healthcare Improvement Scotland and NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde.

CLEAR aims to provide clinicians with summarised evidence relating to aetiology, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment queries about patient care.

Source: knowledge.scot.nhs.uk
Clinical Resource: Evidence Based Answers to Clinical Questions
Register to Access Content: No

Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

BestBETs
Ophthalmology

BETs were developed in the Emergency Department of Manchester Royal Infirmary, UK, to provide rapid evidence-based answers to real-life clinical questions, using a systematic approach to reviewing the literature. BETs take into account the shortcomings of much current evidence, allowing physicians to make the best of what there is.

Source: bestbets.org
Clinical Resource: Evidence Based Answers to Clinical Questions
Register to Access Content: No

Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

The Cochrane Collaboration
Cochrane Reviews - Eyes & Vision

Cochrane is an international, non-profit, independent organisation, established to ensure that up-to-date, accurate information about the effects of healthcare interventions is readily available worldwide. It produces and disseminates systematic reviews of healthcare interventions, and promotes the search for evidence in the form of clinical trials and other studies of the effects of interventions.

Source: cochrane.org
Clinical Resource: Systematic Reviews
Register to Access Content: No

Last Checked: 13/07/15 Link Error: Report It

 

Bandolier Knowledge
Eyes

In these pages are collected the stories from Bandolier relating to eye problems.

Source: bandolier.org.uk
Clinical Resource: Evidence Based Abstracts
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Last Checked: 13/06/17 Link Error: Report It

 

Ophthalmology Grand Rounds

Ophthalmology Grand Round and Eye Rounds is a service of the University of Iowa Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences in Iowa City, Iowa.

This website contains a growing resource for students, residents, physicians, and patients.

Source: uiowa.edu
Clinical Resource: Various
Register to Access Content: No

Last Checked: 19/08/15 Link Error: Report It

 

Atlas of Ophthalmology

The Atlas of Ophthalmology is a pictorial documentation of eye disease. Emphasis is placed on showing and describing the clinical picture and its various stages as it is seen in photographs and by ancillary tests, rather than giving a detailed overview of the whole disease. Presently the Atlas contains about 2500 pictures.

Source: atlasophthalmology.com
Clinical Resource: Database
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Digital Reference of Ophthalmology

Welcome to "Digital Reference of Ophthalmology", an internet-based clinical atlas of ophthalmology, which provides color images of entities encountered in ophthalmic practice accompanied by concisely written text and various ophthalmic diagnostic images. The goal of this site is to provide a world wide easily accessible educational resource for medical students, residents in training, ophthalmologists, and other healthcare professionals.

Source: dro.hs.columbia.edu
Clinical Resource: Atlas
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Common Ocular Disease Reference

A Useful Reference for Clinicians and Interns on common ophthalmic manifestations and managements. Can be printed '8.5x11' using 'fit to scale'

Source: commons.pacificu.edu
Clinical Resource: Reference
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

The Merck Manual for Health Care Professionals
Eye Disorders

Source: merckmanuals.com
Clinical Resource: Manual
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

The Handbook of Ocular Disease Management
Fifteenth Edition

A peer-reviewed supplement designed to provide ODs with updated information that allows for quality patient management. This comprehensive guide covers all aspects of ocular disease.

Table of Contents

Eyelids & Adnexa
Conjunctiva & Sclera
Cornea
Uvea & Glaucoma
Vitreous & Retina
Neuro-Ophthalmic Disease

Source: revoptom.com
Clinical Resource: Handbook
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Digital Journal of Ophthalmology

Published since 1996, the Digital Journal of Ophthalmology (DJO) is a peer-reviewed, open-access, e-only journal published by the Mass Eye and Ear Infirmary and dedicated to the worldwide dissemination of original clinical, epidemiological, and basic science research as well as case reports and grand rounds of exceptional teaching value.

Source: djo.harvard.edu
Clinical Resource: Journal
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Clinical Guide to Ophthalmic Drugs
By Ron Melton, OD and Randall Thomas, OD

Contents

  • Allergy Management
  • Orally-Administered Medicines
  • Perspective on Plaquenil
  • A Fresh Look at Dry Eye Disease
  • Eye Care Antibiotics
  • Corticosteroids
  • Perspectives on the Posterior Pole
  • Glaucoma
  • Clinical Insights
Source: eyeupdate.com
Clinical Resource: Guide
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Last Checked: 19/10/15 Link Error: Report It

 

GPs guide to some topical eye medications

Some eye medications are used when there is high risk of visual loss and their misuse can increase this risk. Initiation and monitoring often require specialist expertise as well as the availability of, and ability to use, specialist equipment.

Source: bpac.org.nz
Clinical Resource: Journal Article
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Eye Preparation Expiries for both Inpatients and Outpatients
Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust

Source: formulary.cht.nhs.uk
Clinical Resource: Guideline
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Clinical Pearls, Pointers & Philosophy

Here are some random observations on a wide range of issues related to optometric practice and patient care.

Source: eyeupdate.com
Clinical Resource: Clinical Pearls
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Last Checked: 19/03/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Primary eye care

This article outlines the clinical features and management of basic eye conditions that every pharmacist should know about. These include ocular and adnexal conditions such as stye, conjunctivitis, blepharitis and preseptal cellulitis. The more severe conditions, such as dacryocystitis, corneal ulcer and orbital cellulites, also are presented, along with the criteria for referral.

Source: sapj.co.za
Clinical Resource: Journal Article
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Eye health

This bulletin discusses the diagnosis and management of some common ophthalmic conditions presenting with a red eye, as well as the treatment in primary care of chronic open angle glaucoma.

Source: wemerec.org
Clinical Resource: Medicines Resource Centre Bulletin
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Last Checked: 16/11/17 Link Error: Report It

 

Common Infections - Eye

The resources which are available for this therapeutic topic can be accessed via the menu on the left-hand side of the page. The e-learning home page suggests ways in which you may like to use the wide variety of e-learning materials.

Source: webarchive.org.uk
Clinical Resource: e-earning
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Last Checked: 24/04/15 Link Error: Report It

 

Concise guide to diagnosis and management of conjunctivitis

Our Drug review describes the various clinical features of conjunctivitis and recommended management, followed by a review of prescription data and sources of further information.

Source: eu.wiley.com
Clinical Resource: Journal Article
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Red eye for the internist: When to treat, when to refer

This article reviews the spectrum of conditions manifesting as a red eye, emphasizing how to differentiate between the benign and the vision-threatening.

Source: mdedge.com
Clinical Resource: Journal Article
Register to Access Content: Yes - registration is FREE

Last Checked: 19/06/17 Link Error: Report It

 

The Red Eye: A Systematic Approach

The aim of this article is to develop a systematic approach to the red eye, in order to enable the primary care practitioner to identify which patients they will treat themselves and which patients will be referred for further assessment and management.

Source: stacommunications.com
Clinical Resource: Journal Article
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Dry Eye Disease: Pathophysiology, Classification, and Diagnosis

This article discusses the normal anatomy and physiology of the lacrimal functional unit and the tear film; the pathophysiology of DED; DED etiology, classification, and risk factors; and DED diagnosis, including symptom assessment and the roles of selected diagnostic tests.

Source: ajmc.com
Clinical Resource: Journal Article
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Management of Dry Eye Disease

There is a wide variety of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic approaches to the management of dry eye disease (DED). These approaches are best described within categories that include avoidance of exacerbating factors, eyelid hygiene, tear supplementation, tear retention, tear stimulation, and anti-inflammatory agents.

Source: ajmc.com
Clinical Resource: Journal Article
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

“Dry Eye Syndrome (DES)”

The objectives of this lesson are such that upon completion the participant will be able to:

  1. Describe the lacrimal apparatus of the eye.
  2. Recognize the symptoms of DES.
  3. List causes associated with DES.
  4. Describe complications associated with DES.
  5. Discuss drugs used to treat DES.
Source: wfprofessional.com
Clinical Resource: CE / CPD / Learning
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Atlas of Gonioscopy

This site is dedicated to teaching gonioscopy through the use of videography. It covers the basic examination techniques and more advanced techniques, such as indentation and the corneal wedge. There are video examples of most glaucoma-related diseases. We hope that you find it to be educational.

Source: gonioscopy.org
Clinical Resource: Various
Register to Access Content: No

Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Guidance > Glaucoma: diagnosis and management

Source: nice.org.uk
Clinical Resource: Guidance
Register to Access Content: No

Last Checked: 10/11/17 Link Error: Report It

 

Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) Guideline > Glaucoma Referral and Safe Discharge

Source: sign.ac.uk
Clinical Resource: Guideline
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Last Checked: 28/09/17 Link Error: Report It

 

The Glaucoma Handbook

I would like to welcome you to the fifth edition of the Glaucoma Handbook, a publication developed under the auspices of the Optometric Glaucoma Society (OGS). This handbook is meant to serve as a guide to the diagnosis and management of glaucoma and is not an exhaustive review. The material includes a review of basics in regards to glaucoma diagnosis and therapy while providing new insights into the condition.

Source: optometricglaucomasociety.org
Clinical Resource: Handbook
Register to Access Content: No

Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

The role of prostanoids in the modern management of glaucoma

Educational Aims

  • To identify the role of prostainoids in glaucoma
  • To highlight the mode of action and advantages of the latest drug therapy
  • To better appreciate clinical applications and awareness of side effects
  • To better understand combination therapy and its advantages
Source: mcppnet.org
Clinical Resource: Journal Article
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

An Approach to Glaucoma Treatment in Pregnant and Lactating Women

The treatment of glaucoma during pregnancy and lactation requires physicians’ careful consideration of the stage of pregnancy, the therapeutic agent(s) to be administered, and the status of the disease. When treating glaucoma during the patient’s pregnancy and lactation, the potential benefits of therapy and the visual goals of the mother must be weighed against the risks of treatment to the fetus or infant, which are often poorly defined. Each class of glaucoma medication has its own set of potential side effects that may be problematic at various stages of pregnancy and lactation, making therapeutic decisions difficult.

Source: bmctoday.com
Clinical Resource: Publication
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Last Checked: 07/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Drug-Induced Glaucoma

Several different drugs have the potential to cause the elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP), which can occur via an open-angle mechanism or a closed-angle mechanism.

Source: medscape.com
Clinical Resource: Article
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Update on Steroid-Induced Glaucoma

Recently, advances in molecular biology and genetics have generated considerable interest in the mechanisms and management of corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertension and glaucoma. This article reviews the literature on the subject and offers some advice on prevention and management.

Source: bmctoday.com
Clinical Resource: Publication
Register to Access Content: No

Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Glaucoma Associated With therapies for Psychiatric disorders

The most common psychiatric conditions in the elderly are anxiety, severe cognitive impairment, and mood disorders (depression or bipolar disorder). Unfortunately, some psychiatric treatments, both medical and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), can cause glaucoma, and glaucoma therapy such as timolol, brimonidine, and pilocarpine can cause psychiatric symptoms. This article provides an overview of the relationship between glaucoma and psychiatric treatments.

Source: bmctoday.com
Clinical Resource: Publication
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Age-related macular degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in people over age 50. A simple test using the Amsler grid can detect the condition early on, when treatment may still prevent further deterioration.

Source: parkhurstexchange.com
Clinical Resource: Checklist
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Complications of contact lens wear: what pharmacists should know

An ever-increasing number of people are exposed to contact lenses and the potential problems they may cause. These range in severity from mild to severe and sight-threatening. This article aims to highlight what to look for in the history taken from a contact lens wearer, and to give a brief overview of common eye problems caused by contact lenses and how to manage them appropriately in a primary care setting.

Source: sapj.co.za
Clinical Resource: Journal Article
Register to Access Content: No

Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

American College of Rheumatology Position Statement
Screening for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy

Source: rheumatology.org
Clinical Resource: Position Statement
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Ocular & Visual Side Effects of Systemic Drugs

This article deals briefly with the mechanisms and reasons that account for the effects that systemic drugs can exert on the visual system. The remainder of the paper will cover major drug classes and serve as a guide to familiarize clinicians with important ocular and visual implications.

Source: oepf.org
Clinical Resource: Journal Article
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Side effects of glaucoma medications

The safety profile of the different glaucoma medications is an important issue when initiating therapy in glaucomatous patients. The decision on which medication to prescribe depends not only on the type of glaucoma, but also on the patient’s medical history and needs a detailed knowledge of the potential side-effects of each medication. Medications side effects may be an important cause of non adherence for the individual patient

Source: ophthalmologia.be
Clinical Resource: Publication
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Potential Ocular Side Effects of Select Systemic Drugs

The purpose of this poster is to serve as a handy reference for current and future eye care providers. It summarizes the ocular side effects that are potentially seen in patients who are on select systemic medications.

Source: commons.pacificu.edu
Clinical Resource: Poster
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Prevention and management of drug-induced ocular disorders

This article describes the principal ocular adverse effects and the drugs most often implicated.

Source: eu.wiley.com
Clinical Resource: Journal Article
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Last Checked: 19/05/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Ocular side effects
Supplements and herbal remedies are reflected in the eye

Over 16 supplements and herbal medications have been recognized to affect the eye.

Source: parkhurstexchange.com
Clinical Resource: Checklist
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Last Checked: 24/02/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Ocular Nutrition A to Z

Click on the left hand links and get connected to the latest nutrition articles appearing in Review of Optometry, archived articles from Review’s year-long ocular nutrition series, the latest research studies and other articles related to vitamins and nutrition authored by leading optometrists.

Source: ocularnutritionatoz.com
Clinical Resource: Various
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Last Checked: 24/02/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Diagnostic & Treatment Algorithms for Retinal Health & Function
Nutrition

As the final installment of this algorithms series, this monograph breaks from the previous running topic of ocular surface disease states and focuses on ocular nutrition, with a specific look at how diet and nutritional supplementation can improve visual function, particularly in the intervention of AMD.

Source: revoptom.com
Clinical Resource: Monograph
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Last Checked: 24/02/14 Link Error: Report It

 

Leicestershire Medicines Strategy Group Guideline
Dietary Supplements for Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Source: lmsg.nhs.uk
Clinical Resource: Guideline
Register to Access Content: No

Last Checked: 11/04/16 Link Error: Report It

 

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